Around the mid-14th century BCE, two kings ruled in Hatti—Tudhaliya II and Šuppiluliuma I. During this period, Hatti was fraught with political turmoil and instability. It began with the destruction of Hattuša, and ended with a glorious military campaign in which a large part of Syria was conquered, and the foundation was laid for a strong and prosperous kingdom. Many studies deal with this epoch, since it parallels the el-Amarna period, however, its Hittite aspect has been comparatively overlooked. Because of this, and due to the discovery of several new sources for this period, I decided to conduct my research on this era. Stavi’s research is based primarily on two sources. The most detailed Hittite source is The Deeds of Šuppiluliuma (CTH 40), and the second source is the Letters of El-Amarna. In addition, this study examines other Hittite texts of various genres (such as prayers, historical preambles of treaties, retrospectives, etc.), some of which have only recently been discovered, such as the archive of Idanda from Qatna, KUB 19.15+, Kp 05/226 and others. In addition, in several instances data from archaeological excavations has been utilized. The major part of this volume deals with an attempt to identify important historical events that occurred during the protagonists’ reign, to verify them and examine their details—such as the Hittites’ treatment of their vassals, their neighbours and other great powers are examined. To that end, this study examines the order of the Amarna letters, as well as the scope of The Deeds of Šuppiluliuma and the arrangement of its fragments. Following that analysis, this book offers a synchronization of the Egyptian and Hittite chronologies, by suggesting a number of chronological pegs—although at present, I believe, absolute dates are still uncertain.